Ching (t???) or Ch’ingadj (Historical Terms) of, relating to, or designating the Manchu dynasty (1644?1912) of ChinaCollins English Dictionary ? Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014