nerve celln.1. See neuron.2. The body of a neuron without its axon and dendrites.American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.nerve cell n (Anatomy) another name for neurone Collins English Dictionary ? Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014neu?ron (?n??r ?n, ?ny??r-) n. a specialized, impulse-conducting cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system, consisting of the cell body and its processes, the axon and dendrites. Also called nerve cell. Also, esp. Brit.,neu?rone (-o?n) [1880?85;